Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide, affecting millions of women and, in rare cases, men. Early detection and appropriate treatment significantly improve survival rates. The treatment plan for breast cancer depends on the stage of the cancer. Here’s a stage-wise breakdown of treatment options to help you understand the disease and its treatment methods.
Stage 0 (Carcinoma in Situ)
Stage 0 breast cancer, also known as carcinoma in situ, means the cancerous cells are confined to the milk ducts and have not progressed into the fatty tissue of the breast. This is the earliest stage a cancer can be detected and treating it now gives maximum protection against invasive cancer in the future. There are three treatment options available and the most suitable treatment or a combination of the following will be advised:
Surgery:
Lumpectomy (removal of the tumour) or mastectomy (removal of the entire breast) based on patient preference and risk factors.
Radiation Therapy:
Often recommended after a lumpectomy to prevent recurrence.
Hormone Therapy:
For hormone receptor-positive cases to reduce the risk of future cancer development.
Stage I (Early-Stage Breast Cancer)
In Stage I, the cancer is still small and has not spread much. Treatment for this stage includes:
Surgery:
Lumpectomy or mastectomy to remove the tumour.
Radiation Therapy:
After lumpectomy to destroy any remaining cancer cells.
Hormone Therapy
Medications like tamoxifen or aromatase inhibitors may be used for hormone receptor-positive tumours.
Chemotherapy:
If the cancer is aggressive, chemotherapy may be required before and/or after surgery.
Stage II (Localized Breast Cancer)
Stage II breast cancer is slightly larger and may have spread to nearby lymph nodes but not to distant organs. Treatment options include:
Surgery:
Lumpectomy or mastectomy with possible lymph node removal
Radiation Therapy:
After surgery, especially if lymph nodes are involved.
Chemotherapy:
Will be recommended to eliminate cancer cells that may have spread beyond the primary site.
Targeted Therapy:
if HER2-positive, targeted drugs like trastuzumab (Herceptin) will be used.
Hormone Therapy:
Will be given for hormone receptor-positive tumours to reduce risk of cancer returning after treatment.
Stage III (Locally Advanced Breast Cancer)
In Stage III, the cancer has spread to multiple lymph nodes or nearby tissues but not distant organs. Treatment involves a combination of therapies:
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy:
Administered before surgery to shrink tumours.
Surgery
Modified radical mastectomy or lumpectomy will be done followed by lymph node removal.
Radiation Therapy:
Will be advised to eliminate remaining cancer cells post-surgery.
Hormone Therapy & Targeted Therapy:
Will be givenbased on the cancer’s hormone receptor and HER2 status.
Stage IV (Metastatic Breast Cancer)
tage IV breast cancer means the cancer has spread to distant organs, such as the lungs, liver, bones, or brain. Treatment for this advanced stage focuses on managing symptoms and prolonging life:
Systemic Therapies:
Includes chemotherapy, hormone therapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy.
Radiation & Surgery:
Used for symptom control and improving quality of life.
Palliative Care:
Aimed at relieving pain and enhancing comfort.
Personalized Care at Zanish Cancer Hospital
At Zanish Cancer Hospital, we offer state-of-the-art treatments tailored to each patient’s unique diagnosis. Our multidisciplinary team ensures the best possible outcomes through advanced surgical techniques, innovative therapies, and compassionate care. Early detection is key—schedule your screening today for a healthier tomorrow!
For more information or to book a consultation, contact Zanish Cancer Hospital today.